Energy provider serving millions of customers through electric utilities and natural gas distribution companies.
Profile & Fundamentals
The Southern: Company identity, ownership, reported financial performance, balance sheets, and corporate actions.
Profile & Fundamentals
The Southern Profile & Fundamentals
Examine company identity, ownership, reported performance, valuation, balance-sheet resilience, dividends, buybacks, and material corporate events.
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Company and Market Context
Company Profile & Ownership
The Southern Company, through its subsidiaries, engages in the sale of electricity. The company offers electric service to retail customers and wholesale customers; and energy-related products and services to natural gas choice markets. It also develops, constructs, acquires, owns, operates, and manages power generation assets, as well as battery energy storage projects; sells electricity at market-based rates in the wholesale market; and deploys microgrids for commercial, industrial, governmental, and utility customers. In addition, the company is involved in the distribution of natural gas in Illinois, Georgia, Virginia, and Tennessee; distributes energy and resilience solutions; and invests in telecommunications. The Southern Company was incorporated in 1945 and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.
Company profile record
Southern Company
Common Stock · Utilities · Electric Utilities
Company
- Company / asset
- Southern Company
- Security type
- Common Stock
- Sector
- Utilities
- Industry
- Electric Utilities
- HQ
- 🇺🇸 United States
- Head office
- 30 Ivan Allen Jr. Boulevard, NW, Atlanta, GA, United States, 30308
Leadership & scale
- Chief executive
- Mr. Christopher C. Womack
- CEO year born
- 1958
- Full-time employees
- 29.5K
- Fiscal year end
- December
- IPO date
- 1981-12-31
Fundamentals snapshot
- Market Cap
- USD 97.5B
- P/E
- 20.9x
- Revenue (Q2 26)
- USD 7.0B
- Profit (Q2 26)
- USD 1.2B
- Dividend Yield
- 2.5%
- Revenue (FY 25)
- USD 29.6B
- Shares in public float
- 1.1B
- Insider ownership
- 0.1%
Reporting & identifiers
- Symbol
- SO.NYSE
- Listing
- 🇺🇸 United States | Dividend Tax: 30%
- Ticker Currency
- USD
- Income Statement Currency
- USD
- Balance Sheet Currency
- USD
- Cash Flow Currency
- USD
- EPS Currency
- USD
- Contract Type
- SPOT
- ISIN
- US8425871071
- Asset ID
- equity_2d93e113-d967-5620-9994-fd0f1f510899
Ownership
Shares Outstanding
Latest: 1.1B | Max: 1.1B | Min: 1.0B
Latest reported ownership snapshot
As of Oct 1, 2026Float Shares
100.58%
1.1B latest reported shares
Insider Ownership
0.10%
Latest reported insider stake
Short Float
0.03%
Latest reported short interest / float
Top Holders
Source tablesView ownership tables
Shares Outstanding
Annual reported shares outstanding; up to 10 reporting dates.
Scroll the table to see every column.
| Reporting date | Shares outstanding |
|---|---|
| 2017-01-01 | 1,007,603,100 |
| 2018-01-01 | 1,033,788,000 |
| 2019-01-01 | 1,053,000,000 |
| 2020-01-01 | 1,058,000,000 |
| 2021-01-01 | 1,062,000,000 |
| 2022-01-01 | 1,090,000,000 |
| 2023-01-01 | 1,098,500,000 |
| 2024-01-01 | 1,112,500,000 |
| 2025-01-01 | 1,109,000,000 |
| 2026-01-01 | 1,141,000,000 |
Top Holders
Available reported ownership records.
Scroll the table to see every column.
| Holder | Shares | Ownership | Reported date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock Inc | 90,368,703 | 7.86% | 2026-03-31 |
| Vanguard Capital Management, LLC | 71,539,145 | 6.22% | 2026-03-31 |
| State Street Corp | 62,980,088 | 5.47% | 2026-03-31 |
| Capital World Investors | 62,518,698 | 5.43% | 2026-06-30 |
| JPMorgan Chase & Co | 43,337,750 | 3.77% | 2026-03-31 |
| T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. | 36,425,526 | 3.17% | 2026-03-31 |
| Vanguard MStar Total Stk Mkt Idx Invest | 35,864,655 | 3.12% | 2026-08-31 |
| Vanguard 500 Index Investor | 29,959,362 | 2.6% | 2026-08-31 |
| Geode Capital Management, LLC | 28,355,049 | 2.46% | 2026-03-31 |
| Vanguard Portfolio Management, LLC | 26,136,857 | 2.27% | 2026-03-31 |
| American Funds Income Fd of Amer A | 23,491,078 | 2.04% | 2026-06-30 |
| FMR Inc | 22,887,934 | 1.99% | 2026-03-31 |
| State Street®UtilSelSectSPDR®ETF | 18,682,944 | 1.62% | 2026-08-31 |
| Franklin Templeton Inc | 16,809,309 | 1.46% | 2026-03-31 |
| Massachusetts Financial Services Company | 15,595,800 | 1.36% | 2026-03-31 |
Earnings, Profitability & Valuation
Earnings, Profitability & Valuation
Earnings & Revenue
Earnings and Revenue Trajectory
AI Review
Southern Company's earnings trajectory is demonstrating consistent operational improvement beneath headline accounting adjustments. Trailing twelve-month revenue reached thirty point two billion dollars with net income climbing to four point six six billion dollars through mid-2026. This performance is propelled by extraordinary commercial electricity sales growth across Georgia and Alabama, where power demand from artificial intelligence computing centers surged fifty-five percent year-over-year. However, headline profits conceal growing interest expenses as debt is rolled over at higher borrowing rates. The commercial completion of Plant Vogtle has established reliable recurring earnings, but heavy reinvestment needs mean accounting earnings outpace owner cash distributions.
Southern Company's earnings trajectory is demonstrating consistent operational improvement beneath headline accounting adjustments. Trailing twelve-month revenue reached thirty point two billion dollars with net income climbing to four point six six billion dollars through mid-2026. This performance is propelled by extraordinary commercial electricity sales growth across Georgia and Alabama, where power demand from artificial intelligence computing centers surged fifty-five percent year-over-year. However, headline profits conceal growing interest expenses as debt is rolled over at higher borrowing rates. The commercial completion of Plant Vogtle has established reliable recurring earnings, but heavy reinvestment needs mean accounting earnings outpace owner cash distributions.
Revenue, Net Income, and Free Cash Flow
Latest: USD 29.6B | Max: USD 29.6B | Min: USD -2.9B
Valuation
P/E Ratio (TTM)iPublished valuation snapshots use the earnings basis recorded with each observation. Source tables retain that basis.
Latest: 22x
Profitability & Margins
Margins and Operating Efficiency
AI Review
Operating profitability exhibits defensive stability, with operating margins holding firm near twenty-four point six percent and net profit margin settling at fifteen point four percent. State-approved fuel adjustment clauses automatically pass fluctuating commodity costs through to retail customers, shielding operating earnings from volatile wholesale natural gas price spikes. Looking ahead, net margins face structural ceilings dictated by state utility commissions, which strictly cap allowed equity returns near ten percent. Efficiency gains from data center volume are largely shared with ratepayers, ensuring that future profit growth relies on expanding the recognized asset base rather than expanding margins.
Operating profitability exhibits defensive stability, with operating margins holding firm near twenty-four point six percent and net profit margin settling at fifteen point four percent. State-approved fuel adjustment clauses automatically pass fluctuating commodity costs through to retail customers, shielding operating earnings from volatile wholesale natural gas price spikes. Looking ahead, net margins face structural ceilings dictated by state utility commissions, which strictly cap allowed equity returns near ten percent. Efficiency gains from data center volume are largely shared with ratepayers, ensuring that future profit growth relies on expanding the recognized asset base rather than expanding margins.
Profitability Margins
Latest: 29.8% | Max: 49.9% | Min: 3.8%
Latest Profitability Ratios as of 2025-12-31
Gross Margin
29.8%
Gross profit / revenue
Operating Margin
24.6%
Operating income / revenue
Net Margin
14.7%
Net income / revenue
FCF Margin
-9.9%
Free cash flow / revenue
Source tablesView earnings, profitability & valuation tables
Revenue, Net Income, and Free Cash Flow
Annual reported results, using the source statement's recorded USD conversion. Up to 10 reporting periods; missing values are not estimated.
Scroll the table to see every column.
| Period end | Revenue (USD) | Net income (USD) | Free cash flow (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-12-31 | 19,896,000,000 | 2,493,000,000 | -2,416,000,000 |
| 2017-12-31 | 23,031,000,000 | 880,000,000 | -1,028,000,000 |
| 2018-12-31 | 23,495,000,000 | 2,242,000,000 | -1,056,000,000 |
| 2019-12-31 | 21,419,000,000 | 4,754,000,000 | -1,774,000,000 |
| 2020-12-31 | 20,375,000,000 | 3,134,000,000 | -745,000,000 |
| 2021-12-31 | 23,113,000,000 | 2,408,000,000 | -1,071,000,000 |
| 2022-12-31 | 29,279,000,000 | 3,535,000,000 | -1,621,000,000 |
| 2023-12-31 | 25,253,000,000 | 3,976,000,000 | -1,542,000,000 |
| 2024-12-31 | 26,724,000,000 | 4,401,000,000 | 833,000,000 |
| 2025-12-31 | 29,553,000,000 | 4,341,000,000 | -2,935,000,000 |
Published P/E Ratio
Published valuation snapshots retain each observation's earnings basis.
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| Period end | P/E (times earnings) | Earnings basis |
|---|---|---|
| 2025-12-31 | 22.28 | Trailing four quarters |
| 2024-12-31 | 20.81 | Trailing four quarters |
| 2023-12-31 | 19.37 | Trailing four quarters |
| 2022-12-31 | 22.02 | Annual net income |
| 2021-12-31 | 30.25 | Annual net income |
Profitability Margins
Matching annual reporting dates. Values are percentages.
Scroll the table to see every column.
| Period end | Gross margin (%) | Operating margin (%) | Net margin (%) | Free cash flow margin (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-12-31 | 42.87 | 22.55 | 12.53 | -12.14 |
| 2017-12-31 | 43.05 | 10.13 | 3.82 | -4.46 |
| 2018-12-31 | 40.93 | 17.84 | 9.54 | -4.49 |
| 2019-12-31 | 44.83 | 36.12 | 22.2 | -8.28 |
| 2020-12-31 | 48.57 | 23.98 | 15.38 | -3.66 |
| 2021-12-31 | 44.33 | 16 | 10.42 | -4.63 |
| 2022-12-31 | 36.3 | 18.34 | 12.07 | -5.54 |
| 2023-12-31 | 46.36 | 23.07 | 15.74 | -6.11 |
| 2024-12-31 | 49.93 | 26.45 | 16.47 | 3.12 |
| 2025-12-31 | 29.81 | 24.6 | 14.69 | -9.93 |
Public data excerpt created by iPulse AI and published by Future Edge Group FZE. Source: eodhd. Snapshot retrieved 2026-09-29.
Use is subject to the iPulse AI Terms of Service and applicable source rights. Missing inputs are not estimated. Full access includes the remaining records, research and interactive tools.
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